3.2 Integration & Data Flow View

Minimum 4+1 Process (adapted)

Purpose

The Integration & Data Flow View describes how data moves through the solution, how components communicate, and how the solution integrates with internal and external systems. It addresses the concerns of integrators, operations teams, and architects.

Naming

This view is adapted from Kruchten’s Process View, which originally focused on concurrency and runtime process decomposition. In modern solution architecture, the primary concerns at this level are data flows, integration patterns, and interface contracts. The name has been updated to reflect this contemporary usage.

3.2.1 Data Flow Diagrams

Recommended

Illustrate how data moves through the solution from input to output, showing transformations and processing stages.

[Insert data flow diagram(s)]

Guidance

Consider showing:

• Data ingestion and sourcing
• Processing and transformation steps
• Data outputs and destinations
• Asynchronous vs synchronous flows
• Event-driven patterns and message queues

3.2.2 Internal Component Connectivity

Minimum

Document the connectivity between internal components of the solution:

Source Component	Destination Component	Protocol / Encryption	Authentication Method	Purpose
[component]	[component]	[e.g., HTTPS/TLS 1.3]	[e.g., mTLS, API Key]	[purpose]

Guidance

List all connections between the solution’s internal components. For each connection, document:

• Connection initiator (source) and receiver (destination)
• Protocol and encryption standard used
• Authentication and authorisation method
• Whether the connection is synchronous or asynchronous

3.2.3 External Integration Architecture

Minimum

Document how the solution interfaces with external systems, third-party services, and other internal applications:

Source Application	Destination Application	Protocol / Encryption	Authentication	Security Proxy	Purpose
[app name / ID]	[app name / ID]	[protocol]	[method]	[if applicable]	[purpose]

End User Access

Document how end users access the solution:

User Type	Access Method	Authentication	Protocol
[e.g., Internal employees]	[e.g., Web browser via SSO]	[e.g., SAML/OIDC]	[HTTPS]
[e.g., External customers]	[e.g., API]	[e.g., OAuth 2.0]	[HTTPS]

3.2.4 API & Interface Contracts

Comprehensive

Document the key APIs and interfaces exposed or consumed by the solution:

API / Interface	Type	Direction	Format	Version	Documentation
[name]	REST / GraphQL / gRPC / SOAP / Event	Exposed / Consumed	JSON / XML / Protobuf	[version]	[link]

Scoring Guidance

Score	What This Looks Like
1	Data flow diagram exists but interfaces not detailed
3	All internal and external integrations documented with protocols, authentication, and direction
5	All of the above plus API contracts versioned, SLA/SLO defined per interface, user access patterns documented

Quality Attribute Cross-References:

• 4.1 Operational Excellence - Integration failures are a major source of incidents
• 4.2 Reliability - External dependencies affect reliability posture
• 4.3 Performance - Network latency and throughput in integration paths